China has implemented a zero-tariff policy covering Africa’s 20 largest economies, including South Africa, Nigeria, and Egypt, effective Friday. Combined with previous exemptions for 33 poorer nations, 53 of 54 African countries now enjoy duty-free access to China’s market for two years.

The sole exception is Eswatini, which maintains formal diplomatic ties with Taiwan. The move contrasts with U.S. protectionism under President Trump, prompting African nations to seek new markets. China’s Commerce Ministry highlighted benefits for products such as Ivorian cocoa, Kenyan coffee, and South African citrus—formerly facing 8–30% tariffs. However, experts note the policy excludes most raw materials like oil and minerals, which already entered tariff-free. While China hails common development, Africa’s trade deficit with China widened in 2025 to $102 billion, with Beijing’s exports far outpacing imports from the continent.

janus